Refraction ______ with perpendicular incidence.

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Multiple Choice

Refraction ______ with perpendicular incidence.

Explanation:
Refraction is the bending of a light ray as it passes into a medium with a different optical density. When the light hits the boundary perpendicularly, the angle of incidence is zero. Using Snell’s law, if θ1 = 0, then θ2 must also be 0, so the ray continues straight along the normal without changing its direction. The light may change speed and wavelength in the new medium, but the path itself isn’t bent. So, with perpendicular incidence, refraction does not occur.

Refraction is the bending of a light ray as it passes into a medium with a different optical density. When the light hits the boundary perpendicularly, the angle of incidence is zero. Using Snell’s law, if θ1 = 0, then θ2 must also be 0, so the ray continues straight along the normal without changing its direction. The light may change speed and wavelength in the new medium, but the path itself isn’t bent. So, with perpendicular incidence, refraction does not occur.

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